5 Essential Urology Tests You Should Know About in 2025

Visiting a Urologist might feel intimidating, causing first-timers to experience nervousness. However, it’s important to note that many urological procedures closely resemble those conducted by general physicians.

Urologists specialize in addressing issues concerning the urinary tract. It’s crucial for them to accurately diagnose the problem before proceeding with treatment. To assist you in getting ready for your inaugural Urologist appointment, presented below are five typical urology tests to anticipate.

Physical Exam

The physical exam is probably the first test that your Urologist will perform. You will likely be asked a series of questions regarding your medical history, current health, medications and symptoms. The physical exam will vary depending on your answers.

A urologist can perform a surface evaluation of your kidneys and bladder, however, they may need to investigate your genitals to examine the health of your urethra. Another common test is a digital rectal exam, also known as a DRE, which is performed by inserting a lubricated gloved finger into the rectum to feel the size and firmness of the prostate. This test is necessary if you experience symptoms relating to the prostate.

Urine Tests

Urine tests are commonly required during a visit to the urologist, however, there are different types and each give the urologist a different insight into your condition.

• A urinalysis is performed at the office, and tests for bacteria and white blood cells that may be lingering in the urinary tract.
• Urine cultures are a way of further examining microbes in the urinary tract, by growing the sample in a lab, and testing which antibiotics are most likely to kill the bacteria in the sample.
• A 24-hour urine test collects all of the urine that you create within 24 hours to check your levels of sodium, potassium, proteins and other substances. The makeup of your urine can alert a urologist of conditions such as kidney stones and cancer.

Blood Tests

There are numerous types of blood tests that a urologist may use to check for specific conditions. Some of the common tests include:

• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests, which look for inflammation of the prostate.
• Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) tests, which check for high levels of these substances, which may indicate that the kidneys aren’t functioning properly.
• Testosterone tests specifically examine male reproductive health and sexual function.

Semen Test

Semen analysis is performed to test the mobility and health of the semen, which gives a urologist a view of a male patient’s reproductive health.

Imaging (X Ray or CTs etc)

There are many types of imaging test in the medical world that can be used to examine different conditions. These tests give urologists a better view of the condition so they can plan treatments accordingly.

• Ultrasounds are the most common type of imaging technique used by urologists. They use high-frequency sonic technology and can visualize the kidneys, bladder prostate etc.
• A CT Scan is a detailed digital imaging technique which can be very useful in diagnosing structures such as stones and tumours.
• MRI Scans can be done to look at the kidneys as well as the prostate.

Dr Arianayagam is an expert in the field of urological cancer surgery, and the treatment of urological conditions. He is one of the most experienced cancer surgeons in Sydney.
If you have any further questions about urological tests or would like to book an appointment, please feel free to get in touch or call on 1300 307 990.